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-CITE-
15 USC CHAPTER 9 - NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE 01/03/2007

-EXPCITE-
TITLE 15 - COMMERCE AND TRADE
CHAPTER 9 - NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE

-HEAD-
CHAPTER 9 - NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE

-MISC1-
Sec.
311. Omitted.
312. Employees.
313. Duties of Secretary of Commerce.
313a. Establishment of meteorological observation stations
in the Arctic region.
313b. Institute for Aviation Weather Prediction.
313c. Authorized activities of the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration.
313d. NIDIS program.
314. Omitted.
315. Changes or assignment to duty.
316. Omitted.
317. Appropriations and estimates.
318. Weather signals on mail cars.
319 to 321. Omitted or Repealed.
322. Odd jobs for part-time employees.
323, 324. Repealed or Omitted.
325. Authority for certain functions and activities.
326. Maintenance of printing office in Washington, D.C.
327. Employees for conduct of meteorological investigations
in Arctic region; appointment and compensation; extra
compensation to other Government employees for taking
observations.
328. Transfer from other Government Departments of surplus
equipment and supplies for Arctic stations.
329. Omitted.

-End-



-CITE-
15 USC Sec. 311 01/03/2007

-EXPCITE-
TITLE 15 - COMMERCE AND TRADE
CHAPTER 9 - NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE

-HEAD-
Sec. 311. Omitted

-COD-
CODIFICATION
Section, act Oct. 1, 1890, ch. 1266, Sec. 1, 26 Stat. 653, as
amended, relating to the establishment of a Weather Bureau in the
Department of Commerce, was omitted because the Weather Bureau was
consolidated with the Coast and Geodetic Survey to form a new
agency in the Department to be known as the Environmental Science
Services Administration, and the office of Chief of the Weather
Bureau was abolished, by Reorg. Plan No. 2 of 1965, eff. July 13,
1965, 30 F.R. 8819, 79 Stat. 1318, set out as a note below. The
Reorg. Plan also transferred to the Secretary of Commerce all
functions of the Bureau and the Chief of the Bureau.
Reorg. Plan No. 4 of 1970, eff. Oct. 3, 1970, 35 F.R. 15627, 84
Stat. 2090, set out as a note under section 1511 of this title,
abolished the Environmental Science Services Administration,
including the offices of Administrator and Deputy Administrator,
and established the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
within the Department of Commerce. By Department Organization Order
25-5A, republished 39 F.R. 27486, July 29, 1974, the Secretary of
Commerce delegated to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration a number of functions vested in him, including his
functions under this chapter of the Code. By order of the Acting
Associate Administrator, 35 F.R. 19249, Dec. 19, 1970, the
following organizational names appearing in chapter IX of subtitle
B of Title 15, Code of Federal Regulations, relating to the
Administration, were changed: Environmental Science Services
Administration to National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
(ESSA to NOAA); Coast and Geodetic Survey to National Ocean Survey,
and Weather Bureau to National Weather Service.
Prior to Oct. 1, 1890, the functions of the Weather Bureau were
exercised by the Signal Corps of the Army. Act October 1, 1890,
created the present Bureau in the Department of Agriculture. By
Reorg. Plan No. IV of 1940, Sec. 8, eff. June 30, 1940, 5 F.R.
2421, 54 Stat. 1236, the Bureau and its functions were transferred
to the Department of Commerce, "Provided, That the Department of
Agriculture may continue to make snow surveys and to conduct
research concerning: (a) relationships between weather and crops,
(b) long-range weather forecasting, and (c) relationships between
weather and soil erosion."


-MISC1-
SHORT TITLE OF 2006 AMENDMENT
Pub. L. 109-430, Sec. 1, Dec. 20, 2006, 120 Stat. 2918, provided
that: "This Act [enacting section 313d of this title and provisions
set out as notes under section 313d of this title] may be cited as
the 'National Integrated Drought Information System Act of 2006'."

SHORT TITLE OF 2002 AMENDMENT
Pub. L. 107-253, Sec. 1, Oct. 29, 2002, 116 Stat. 1731, provided
that: "This Act [enacting section 313c of this title and provisions
set out as notes under section 313c of this title] may be cited as
the 'Inland Flood Forecasting and Warning System Act of 2002'."

WEATHER MODIFICATION PROGRAM
Act Aug. 13, 1953, ch. 426, 67 Stat. 559, as amended by act July
9, 1956, ch. 522, 70 Stat. 509, related to research and
experimentation in the field of weather modification and created
the Advisory Committee on Weather Control. Pub. L. 85-170, ch. II,
Sec. 201, Aug. 28, 1957, 71 Stat. 427, provided in part that the
Advisory Committee on Weather Control shall complete its report and
terminate its activities by Dec. 31, 1957.

REORGANIZATION PLAN NO. 2 OF 1965

EFF. JULY 13, 1965, 30 F.R. 8819, 79 STAT. 1318, AS AMENDED PUB. L.
90-83, SEC. 10(C), SEPT. 11, 1967, 81 STAT. 224
Prepared by the President and transmitted to the Senate and the
House of Representatives in Congress assembled, May 13, 1965,
pursuant to the provisions of the Reorganization Act of 1949, 63
Stat. 203, as amended [see 5 U.S.C. 901 et seq.].

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE SERVICES ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF
COMMERCE

SECTION 1. TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS
All functions vested by law in the Weather Bureau, the Chief of
the Weather Bureau, the Coast and Geodetic Survey, the Director of
the Coast and Geodetic Survey, and any officer, employee, or
organizational entity of that Bureau or Survey, and not heretofore
transferred to the Secretary of Commerce, hereinafter referred to
as the Secretary, are hereby transferred to the Secretary.

SEC. 2. ABOLITIONS
(a) The offices of Director of the Coast and Geodetic Survey,
Deputy Director of the Coast and Geodetic Survey, and Chief of the
Weather Bureau are hereby abolished. The Secretary shall make such
provisions as he shall deem to be necessary respecting the winding
up of any outstanding affairs of the officers whose offices are
abolished by the provisions of this section.
(b) The abolitions effected by the provision of subsection (a) of
this section shall exclude the abolition of rights to which the
present incumbents of the abolished offices would be entitled under
law upon the termination of their appointments.

SEC. 3. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE SERVICES ADMINISTRATION
(a) The Coast and Geodetic Survey and the Weather Bureau are
hereby consolidated to form a new agency in the Department of
Commerce which shall be known as the Environmental Science Services
Administration, hereinafter referred to as the Administration.
(b) The Secretary shall from time to time establish such
constituent organizational entities of the Administration, with
such names, as he shall determine.

SEC. 4. OFFICERS OF THE ADMINISTRATION
(a) There shall be at the head of the Administration the
Administrator of the Environmental Science Services Administration,
hereinafter referred to as the Administrator. The Administrator
shall be appointed by the President by and with the advice and
consent of the Senate. He shall perform such functions as the
Secretary may from time to time direct.
(b)(1) There shall be in the Administration a Deputy
Administrator of the Environmental Science Services Administration,
hereinafter referred to as the Deputy Administrator, who shall be
appointed by the President by and with the advice and consent of
the Senate, shall perform such functions as the Secretary may from
time to time direct, and, unless he is compensated in pursuance of
the provisions of paragraph (2), below, shall receive compensation
in accordance with the Classification Act of 1949, as amended
[chapter 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 of Title 5].
(2) The office of Deputy Administrator may be filled at the
discretion of the President by appointment (by and with the advice
and consent of the Senate) from the active list of commissioned
officers of the Administration in which case the appointment shall
create a vacancy on the active list and while holding the office of
Deputy Administrator the officer shall have rank, pay and
allowances not exceeding those of a Vice Admiral.
(c) The Deputy Administrator or such other official of the
Department of Commerce as the Secretary shall from time to time
designate shall act as Administrator during the absence or
disability of the Administrator or in the event of a vacancy in the
office of Administrator.
(d) At any one time, one principal constituent organizational
entity of the Administration may, if the Secretary so elects, be
headed by a commissioned officer of the Administration, who shall
be designated by the Secretary. Such designation of an officer
shall create a vacancy on the active list and while serving under
this paragraph the officer shall have rank, pay and allowances not
exceeding those of a Rear Admiral (upper half).
(e) Any commissioned officer of the Administration who has served
as Deputy Administrator or has served in a rank above that of
Captain as the head of a principal constituent organizational
entity of the Administration, and is retired while so serving or is
retired after the completion of such service while serving in a
lower rank or grade, shall be retired with the rank, pay and
allowances authorized by law for the highest grade and rank held by
him; but any such officer, upon termination of his appointment in a
rank above that of Captain shall, unless appointed or assigned to
some other position for which a higher rank or grade is provided,
revert to the grade and number he would have occupied had he not
served in a rank above that of Captain and such officer shall be an
extra number in that grade. [As amended Pub. L. 90-83 Sec. 10(c),
Sept. 11, 1967, 81 Stat. 224.]

SEC. 5. AUTHORITY OF THE SECRETARY
Nothing in this reorganization plan shall divest the Secretary of
any function vested in him by law or by Reorganization Plan No. 5
of 1950 (64 Stat. 1263) or in any manner derogate from any
authority of the Secretary thereunder.

SEC. 6. PERSONNEL, PROPERTY, RECORDS AND FUNDS
(a) The personnel (including commissioned officers) employed in
the Coast and Geodetic Survey, the personnel employed in the
Weather Bureau, and the property and records held or used by the
Weather Bureau or the Coast and Geodetic Survey shall be deemed to
be transferred to the Administration.
(b) Unexpended balances of appropriations, allocations, and other
funds available or to be made available in connection with
functions now administered by the Weather Bureau or by the Coast
and Geodetic Survey shall be available to the Administration
hereunder in connection with those functions.
(c) Such further measures and dispositions as the Director of the
Bureau of the Budget shall deem to be necessary in order to
effectuate the foregoing provisions of this section shall be
carried out in such manner as he shall direct and by such agencies
as he shall designate.

SEC. 7. INTERIM OFFICERS
(a) The President may authorize any person who immediately prior
to the effective date of this reorganization plan held a position
in the executive branch of the Government to act as Administrator
until the office of Administrator is for the first time filled
pursuant to the provision of this reorganization plan or by recess
appointment, as the case may be.
(b) The President may similarly authorize any such person to act
as Deputy Administrator.
(c) The President may authorize any person who serves in an
acting capacity under the foregoing provisions of this section to
receive the compensation attached to the office in respect to which
he so serves. Such compensation, if authorized, shall be in lieu
of, but not in addition to, other compensation from the United
States to which such person may be entitled.

MESSAGE OF THE PRESIDENT
To the Congress of the United States:
I transmit herewith Reorganization Plan No. 2 of 1965, prepared
in accordance with the provisions of the Reorganization Act of
1949, as amended, and providing for the reorganization of two major
agencies of the Department of Commerce: The Weather Bureau and the
Coast and Geodetic Survey.
The reorganization plan consolidates the Coast and Geodetic
Survey and the Weather Bureau to form a new agency in the
Department of Commerce to be known as the Environmental Science
Services Administration. It is the intention of the Secretary of
Commerce to transfer the Central Radio Propagation Laboratory of
the National Bureau of Standards to the Administration when the
reorganization plan takes effect. The new Administration will then
provide a single national focus for our efforts to describe,
understand, and predict the state of the oceans, the state of the
lower and upper atmosphere, and the size and shape of the earth.
Establishment of the Administration will mark a significant step
forward in the continual search by the Federal Government for
better ways to meet the needs of the Nation for environmental
science services. The organizational improvements made possible by
the reorganization plan will enhance our ability to develop an
adequate warning system for the severe hazards of nature - for
hurricanes, tornadoes, floods, earthquakes, and seismic sea waves,
which have proved so disastrous to the Nation in recent years.
These improvements will permit us to provide better environmental
information to vital segments of the Nation's economy - to
agriculture, transportation, communications, and industry, which
continually require information about the physical environment.
They will mean better services to other Federal departments and
agencies - to those that are concerned with the national defense,
the exploration of outer space, the management of our mineral and
water resources, the protection of the public health against
environmental pollution, and the preservation of our wilderness and
recreation areas.
The new Administration will bring together a number of allied
scientific disciplines that are concerned with the physical
environment. This integration will better enable us to look at
man's physical environment as a scientific whole and to seek to
understand the interactions among air, sea, and earth and between
the upper and lower atmosphere. It will facilitate the development
of programs dealing with the physical environment and will permit
better management of these programs. It will enhance our capability
to identify and solve important long-range scientific and
technological problems associated with the physical environment.
The new Administration will, in consequence, promote a fresh sense
of scientific dedication, discovery, and challenge, which are
essential if we are to attract scientists and engineers of
creativity and talent to Federal employment in this field.
The reorganization plan provides for an Administrator at the head
of the Administration, and for a Deputy Administrator, each of whom
will be appointed by the President by and with the advice and
consent of the Senate. As authorized by the civil service and other
laws and regulations, subordinate officers of the Administration
will be appointed by the Secretary of Commerce or be assigned by
him from among a corps of commissioned officers. The Administration
will perform such functions as the Secretary of Commerce may
delegate or otherwise assign to it and will be under his direction
and control.
Commissioned officers of the Coast and Geodetic Survey will
become commissioned officers of the Administration and may serve at
the discretion of the Secretary of Commerce throughout the
Administration. The reorganization plan authorizes the President at
his discretion to fill the Office of Deputy Administrator by
appointment, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, from
the active list of commissioned officers of the Administration.
The reorganization plan transmitted herewith abolishes - and thus
excludes from the consolidation mentioned above - the offices of
(1) Chief of the Weather Bureau, provided for in the act of October
1, 1890 (15 U.S.C. 312); (2) Director of the Coast and Geodetic
Survey, provided for in the acts of June 4, 1920, and February 16,
1929, as amended (33 U.S.C. 852, 852a); and (3) Deputy Director of
the Coast and Geodetic Survey, provided for in the act of January
19, 1942, as amended (33 U.S.C. 852b).
After investigation, I have found and hereby declare that each
reorganization included in Reorganization Plan No. 2 of 1965 is
necessary to accomplish one or more of the purposes set forth in
section 2(a) of the Reorganization Act of 1949, as amended. I have
also found and hereby declare that by reason of the reorganizations
made by the reorganization plan, it is necessary to include in the
plan provisions for the appointment and compensation of the
officers of the Administration set forth in section 4 of the
reorganization plan. The rate of compensation fixed for each of
these officers is that which I have found to prevail in respect of
comparable officers in the executive branch of the Government.
In addition to permitting more effective management within the
Department of Commerce, the new organization will ultimately
produce economies. These economies will be of two types. The first,
and probably the most significant, is the savings and avoidance of
costs which will result from the sharing of complex and expensive
facilities such as satellites, computers, communication systems,
aircraft, and ships. These economies will increase in significance
as developments in science and technology bring into being still
more advanced equipment. Second, integration of the existing
headquarters and field organizations will permit more efficient
utilization of existing administrative staffs and thereby produce
future economies. It is, however, impracticable to specify or
itemize at this time the reductions of expenditures which it is
probable will be brought about by the taking effect of the
reorganizations included in the reorganization plan.
I recommend that the Congress allow the accompanying
reorganization plan to become effective.
Lyndon B. Johnson.

The White House, May 13, 1965.

-End-



-CITE-
15 USC Sec. 312 01/03/2007

-EXPCITE-
TITLE 15 - COMMERCE AND TRADE
CHAPTER 9 - NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE

-HEAD-
Sec. 312. Employees

-STATUTE-
The National Weather Service shall consist of such civilian
employees as Congress may annually provide for and as may be
necessary to properly perform the duties devolving on said Service
by law.

-SOURCE-
(Oct. 1, 1890, ch. 1266, Sec. 4, 26 Stat. 653; July 8, 1898, No.
57, 30 Stat. 752; 1965 Reorg. Plan No. 2, eff. July 13, 1965, 30
F.R. 8819, 79 Stat. 1318; 1970 Reorg. Plan No. 4, eff. Oct. 3,
1970, 35 F.R. 15627, 84 Stat. 2090.)


-MISC1-
REPEALS
Joint Res. July 8, 1898, provided: "That the laws authorizing the
detail and assignment of the officers of the Army to duty in the
Weather Bureau be, and are hereby, repealed."


-TRANS-
TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS
Office of Chief of Weather Bureau abolished and Weather Bureau
consolidated with Coast and Geodetic Survey to form new agency in
Department of Commerce known as Environmental Science Services
Administration by Reorg. Plan No. 2 of 1965, eff. July 13, 1965, 30
F.R. 8819, 79 Stat. 1318, set out as a note under section 311 of
this title. The Reorg. Plan also transferred to Secretary of
Commerce functions of Bureau and Chief of Bureau. Subsequently,
Environmental Science Services Administration abolished and
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration established. By
Department Organization Order 25-5A, Secretary delegated to NOAA
his functions under this chapter of the Code. By order of Acting
Associate Administrator of NOAA, organizational name of Weather
Bureau changed to National Weather Service. For further details,
see Codification note set out under section 311 of this title.

-End-



-CITE-
15 USC Sec. 313 01/03/2007

-EXPCITE-
TITLE 15 - COMMERCE AND TRADE
CHAPTER 9 - NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE

-HEAD-
Sec. 313. Duties of Secretary of Commerce

-STATUTE-
The Secretary of Commerce shall have charge of the forecasting of
weather, the issue of storm warnings, the display of weather and
flood signals for the benefit of agriculture, commerce, and
navigation, the gauging and reporting of rivers, the maintenance
and operation of seacoast telegraph lines and the collection and
transmission of marine intelligence for the benefit of commerce and
navigation, the reporting of temperature and rain-fall conditions
for the cotton interests, the display of frost and cold-wave
signals, the distribution of meteorological information in the
interests of agriculture and commerce, and the taking of such
meteorological observations as may be necessary to establish and
record the climatic conditions of the United States, or as are
essential for the proper execution of the foregoing duties.

-SOURCE-
(Oct. 1, 1890, ch. 1266, Sec. 3, 26 Stat. 653; May 20, 1926, ch.
344, Sec. 5 (e), 44 Stat. 571; June 23, 1938, ch. 601, title XI,
Sec. 1107(k), 52 Stat. 1029; 1940 Reorg. Plan No. IV, Sec. 8, eff.
June 30, 1940, 5 F.R. 2421, 54 Stat. 1236; 1965 Reorg. Plan No. 2,
Secs. 1, 2, eff. July 13, 1965, 30 F.R. 8819, 79 Stat. 1318.)


-MISC1-
AMENDMENTS
1938 - Act June 23, 1938, repealed second paragraph relating to
duties as to air navigation.
1926 - Act May 20, 1926, inserted second paragraph relating to
duties as to air navigation.

REPEALS
Pub. L. 85-726, title XIV, Sec. 1401(b), Aug. 23, 1958, 72 Stat.
806, repealed act June 23, 1938, ch. 601, title XI, Sec. 1107(k),
52 Stat. 1029, cited to the credit of this section.


-TRANS-
TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS
Office of Chief of Weather Bureau abolished and functions
transferred to Secretary of Commerce by Reorg. Plan No. 2 of 1965,
eff. July 13, 1965, 30 F.R. 8819, 79 Stat. 1318. Reorg. Plan No. IV
of 1940 transferred Weather Bureau from Department of Agriculture
to Department of Commerce. For further details, see notes set out
under section 311 of this title.


-MISC2-
USE OF FUNDS FOR HURRICANE RECONNAISSANCE PROGRAM
Pub. L. 108-199, div. B, title II, Sec. 203, Jan. 23, 2004, 118
Stat. 72, provided in part that: "Hereafter, none of the funds made
available by this or any other Act for the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration may be used to support the hurricane
reconnaissance aircraft and activities that are under the control
of the United States Air Force or the United States Air Force
Reserve."
Similar provisions were contained in the following prior
appropriation acts:
Pub. L. 108-7, div. B, title II, Sec. 203, Feb. 20, 2003, 117
Stat. 77.
Pub. L. 107-77, title II, Sec. 203, Nov. 28, 2001, 115 Stat. 778.
Pub. L. 106-553, Sec. 1(a)(2) [title II, Sec. 203], Dec. 21,
2000, 114 Stat. 2762, 2762A-78.
Pub. L. 106-113, div. B, Sec. 1000(a)(1) [title II, Sec. 203],
Nov. 29, 1999, 113 Stat. 1535, 1501A-31.
Pub. L. 105-277, div. A, Sec. 101(b) [title II, Sec. 203], Oct.
21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681-50, 2681-86.
Pub. L. 105-119, title II, Sec. 203, Nov. 26, 1997, 111 Stat.
2479.
Pub. L. 104-208, div. A, title I, Sec. 101(a) [title II, Sec.
203], Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009, 3009-39.
Pub. L. 104-134, title I, Sec. 101[(a)] [title II, Sec. 203],
Apr. 26, 1996, 110 Stat. 1321, 1321-30; renumbered title I, Pub. L.
104-140, Sec. 1(a), May 2, 1996, 110 Stat. 1327.
Pub. L. 103-317, title II, Sec. 203, Aug. 26, 1994, 108 Stat.
1749.
Pub. L. 103-121, title II, Sec. 203, Oct. 27, 1993, 107 Stat.
1176.
Pub. L. 102-395, title II, Sec. 203, Oct. 6, 1992, 106 Stat.
1855.
Pub. L. 102-140, title II, Sec. 203, Oct. 28, 1991, 105 Stat.
806.
Pub. L. 101-515, title I, Sec. 103, Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 2107.

HURRICANE RECONNAISSANCE PROGRAM
Pub. L. 102-567, title I, Sec. 107, Oct. 29, 1992, 106 Stat.
4275, provided that:
"(a) Establishment of Program. - (1) The Secretary of Defense and
the Secretary of Commerce shall establish a 5-year joint program
for collecting operational and reconnaissance data, conducting
research, and analyzing data on tropical cyclones to assist the
forecast and warning program and increase the understanding of the
causes and behavior of tropical cyclones.
"(2) The Secretary of Commerce shall establish the Tropical
Cyclone Research Advisory Committee, an advisory committee of
tropical cyclone research scientists, to make recommendations for
tropical cyclone research activities and reconnaissance procedures.
"(b) Responsibilities. - (1) The Secretary of Defense shall have
the responsibility for maintaining, flying, and funding tropical
cyclone reconnaissance aircraft to accomplish the program
established under this section and to transfer the data to the
Secretary of Commerce. Program responsibility may not be
transferred to any other Federal department or agency, including
the Coast Guard, without the agreement and approval of the
Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of Commerce, and the head of
any other Federal agency or department to which the responsibility
is transferred.
"(2) The Secretary of Commerce shall have the responsibility to
provide funding for data gathering and research by remote sensing,
ground sensing, research aircraft, and other technologies necessary
to accomplish the program established under this section.
"(c) Management Plans. - (1) The Secretary of Defense and the
Secretary of Commerce shall jointly develop and, within 120 days
after the date of enactment of this Act [Oct. 29, 1992], submit to
the Congress a management plan for the program established under
this section, which shall include organizational structure, goals,
major tasks, and funding profiles for the 5-year duration of the
program.
"(2) The Secretary of Defense and the Secretary of Commerce, in
consultation with the Tropical Cyclone Research Advisory Committee
established by section 107(a)(2), shall jointly develop and, within
4 years after the date of enactment of this Act, submit to the
Congress a management plan providing for continued tropical cyclone
surveillance and reconnaissance which will adequately protect the
citizens of the coastal areas of the United States.
"(3) The management plans and programs required by this section
shall in every sense provide for at least the same degree and
quality of protection (such as early warning capability and
accuracy of fixing a storm's location) as currently exists with a
combination of satellite technology and manned reconnaissance
flights. Additionally, such plans and programs shall in no way
allow any reduction in the level, quality, timeliness,
sustainability, or area served (including the State of Hawaii) of
both the existing principal and back-up tropical cyclone
reconnaissance and tracking systems."

UNITED STATES WEATHER RESEARCH PROGRAM
Pub. L. 102-567, title I, Sec. 108, Oct. 29, 1992, 106 Stat.
4276, provided that:
"(a) Establishment. - The Secretary of Commerce, in cooperation
with the Federal Coordinating Council for Science, Engineering, and
Technology through the Committee on Earth and Environmental
Sciences, shall establish a United States Weather Research Program
to -
"(1) increase benefits to the Nation from the substantial
investment in modernizing the public weather warning and forecast
system in the United States;
"(2) improve local and regional weather forecasts and warnings;
"(3) address critical weather-related scientific issues; and
"(4) coordinate governmental, university, and private-sector
efforts.
"(b) Implementation Plan. - Not later than 90 days after the date
of enactment of this Act [Oct. 29, 1992], the Secretary of
Commerce, in cooperation with the Committee on Earth and
Environmental Sciences, shall prepare and submit to the Committee
on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate and the
Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of
Representatives a plan for implementation of the United States
Weather Research Program which shall -
"(1) establish, for the 10-year period beginning in the year
the plan is submitted, the goals and priorities for Federal
weather research which most effectively advance the scientific
understanding of weather processes and provide information to
improve weather warning and forecast systems in the United
States;
"(2) describe specific activities, including research
activities, data collection and data analysis requirements,
predictive modeling, participation in international research
efforts, demonstration of potential operational forecast
applications, and education and training required to achieve such
goals and priorities; and
"(3) set forth the role of each Federal agency and department
to be involved in the United States Weather Research Program,
identifying and addressing, as appropriate, relevant programs and
activities of the Federal agencies and departments that would
contribute to such Program."

WEATHER SERVICE MODERNIZATION
Pub. L. 102-567, title VII, Oct. 29, 1992, 106 Stat. 4303,
provided that:

"SEC. 701. SHORT TITLE.
"This title may be cited as the 'Weather Service Modernization
Act'.

"SEC. 702. DEFINITIONS.
"For the purposes of this title, the term -
"(1) 'automate' means to replace employees with automated
weather service equipment;
"(2) 'change operations at a field office' means transfer
service responsibility, commission weather observation systems,
decommission a National Weather Service radar, change staffing
levels significantly, or move a field office to a new location
inside the local commuting and service area;
"(3) 'Committee' means the Modernization Transition Committee
established by section 707;
"(4) 'degradation of service' means any decrease in or failure
to maintain the quality and type of weather services provided by
the National Weather Service to the public in a service area,
including but not limited to a reduction in existing weather
radar coverage at an elevation of 10,000 feet;
"(5) 'field office' means any National Weather Service Office
or National Weather Service Forecast Office;
"(6) 'Plan' means the National Implementation Plan required
under section 703;
"(7) 'relocate' means to transfer from one location to another
location that is outside the local commuting or service area;
"(8) 'Secretary' means the Secretary of Commerce;
"(9) 'service area' means the geographical area for which a
field office provides services or conducts observations,
including but not limited to local forecasts, severe weather
warnings, aviation support, radar coverage, and ground weather
observations; and
"(10) 'Strategic Plan' means the 10-year strategic plan for the
comprehensive modernization of the National Weather Service,
required under section 407 of the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 1989 (15 U.S.C. 313
note).

"SEC. 703. NATIONAL IMPLEMENTATION PLAN.
"(a) National Implementation Plan. - As part of the budget
justification documents submitted to Congress in support of the
annual budget request for the Department of Commerce, the Secretary
shall include a National Implementation Plan for modernization of
the National Weather Service for each fiscal year following fiscal
year 1993 until such modernization is complete. The Plan shall set
forth the actions, during the 2-year period beginning with the
fiscal year for which the budget request is made, that will be
necessary to accomplish the objectives described in the Strategic
Plan, and shall include -
"(1) detailed requirements for new technologies, facilities,
staffing levels and positions, and funding, in accordance with
the overall schedule for modernization;
"(2) notification of any proposed action to change operations
at a field office and the intended date of such operational
change;
"(3) identification of any field office that the Secretary
intends to certify under section 706, including the intended date
of such certification;
"(4) special measures to test, evaluate, and demonstrate key
elements of the modernized National Weather Service operations
prior to national implementation, including a multistation
operational demonstration which tests the performance of the
modernization in an integrated manner for a sustained period;
"(5) detailed plans and funding requirements for meteorological
research to be accomplishment [sic] under this title to assure
that new techniques in forecasting will be developed to utilize
the new technologies being implemented in the modernization; and
"(6) training and education programs to ensure that employees
gain the necessary expertise to utilize the new technologies and
to minimize employee displacement as a consequence of
modernization.
"(b) Transmittal to Committee. - The Secretary shall transmit a
copy of each annual Plan to the Committee.
"(c) Consultation. - In developing the Plan, the Secretary shall
consult, as appropriate, with the Committee and public entities
responsible for providing or utilizing weather services.

"SEC. 704. MODERNIZATION CRITERIA.
"(a) National Research Council Review. - The Secretary shall
contract with the National Research Council for a review of the
scientific and technical modernization criteria by which the
Secretary proposes to certify action to close, consolidate,
automate, or relocate a field office under section 706. In
conducting such review, the National Research Council shall prepare
and submit to the Secretary, no later than 9 months after the date
of enactment of this Act [Oct. 29, 1992], a report which -
"(1) assesses requirements and procedures for commissioning new
weather observation systems, decommissioning an outdated National
Weather Service radar, and evaluating staffing needs for field
offices in an affected service area;
"(2) assesses the statistical and analytical measures that
should be made for a service area to form an adequate basis for
determining that there will be no degradation of service; and
"(3) includes such other recommendations as the National
Research Council determines are appropriate to ensure public
safety.
"(b) Criteria. - No later than 12 months after the date of
enactment of this Act [Oct. 29, 1992], the Secretary, in
consultation with the National Research Council and the Committee
and after notice and opportunity for public comment, shall publish
in the Federal Register modernization criteria (including all
requirements and procedures), based on the report required under
this section, for -
"(1) commissioning new weather observation systems,
decommissioning an outdated National Weather Service radar, and
evaluating staffing needs for field offices in an affected
service area; and
"(2) certifying action to close, consolidate, automate, or
relocate a field office under section 706.

"SEC. 705. CHANGES IN FIELD OFFICE OPERATIONS.
"(a) Notification. - The Secretary shall not change operations at
a field office pursuant to implementation of the Strategic Plan
unless the Secretary has provided the notification required by
section 703.
"(b) Weather Radar Decommissioning. - The Secretary shall not
remove or permanently decommission any National Weather Service
radar until the Secretary has prepared radar commissioning and
decommissioning reports documenting that such action would be
consistent with the modernization criteria established under
section 704(b)(1). The commissioning report shall document that the
radar system performs reliably, satisfactory maintenance support is
in place, sufficient staff with adequate training are present to
operate the system, technical coordination with weather service
users has been completed, and the radar being commissioned
satisfactorily supports field office operations. The
decommissioning report shall document that the replacement radar
has been commissioned, technical coordination with service users
has been completed, and the radar being decommissioned is no longer
needed to support field office operations.
"(c) Surface Observing System Commissioning. - The Secretary may
not commission an automated surface observing system located at an
airport unless it is determined, in consultation with the Secretary
of Transportation, that the weather services provided after
commissioning will continue to be in full compliance with
applicable flight aviation rules promulgated by the Federal
Aviation Administration.

"SEC. 706. RESTRUCTURING FIELD OFFICES.
"Sec. 706. (a) Prohibition. - The Secretary shall not close,
before January 1, 1996, any field office pursuant to implementation
of the Strategic Plan.
"(b) Certification. - The Secretary shall not close, consolidate,
automate, or relocate any field office, unless the Secretary has
certified that such action will not result in any degradation of
service. Such certification shall include -
"(1) a description of local weather characteristics and weather-
related concerns which affect the weather services provided
within the service area;
"(2) a detailed comparison of the services provided within the
service area and the services to be provided after such action;
"(3) a description of any recent or expected modernization of
National Weather Service operations which will enhance services
in the service area;
"(4) an identification of any area within any State which would
not receive coverage (at an elevation of 10,000 feet) by the next
generation weather radar network;
"(5) evidence, based upon operational demonstration of
modernized National Weather Service operations, which was
considered in reaching the conclusion that no degradation in
service will result from such action; and
"(6) any report of the Committee submitted under section 707(c)
that evaluates the proposed certification.
"(c) Public Review. - Each certification decision shall be
preceded by -
"(1) publication in the Federal Register of a proposed
certification; and
"(2) a 60-day period after such publication during which the
public may provide comments to the Secretary on the proposed
certification.
"(d) Final Decision. - If after consideration of the public
comment received under subsection (c) the Secretary, in
consultation with the Committee, decides to close, consolidate,
automate, or relocate any such field office, the Secretary shall
publish a final certification in the Federal Register and submit
the certification to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and
Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on Science, Space,
and Technology of the House of Representatives.
"(e) Special Circumstances. - The Secretary may not close or
relocate any field office -
"(1) which is located at an airport, unless the Secretary, in
consultation with the Secretary of Transportation and the
Committee, first conducts an air safety appraisal, determines
that such action will not result in degradation of service that
affects aircraft safety, and includes such determination in the
certification required under subsection (b); or
"(2) which is the only office in a State, unless the Secretary
first evaluates the effect on weather services provided to in-
State users, such as State agencies, civil defense officials,
and local public safety offices, and includes in the
certification required under subsection (b) the Secretary's
determination that a comparable level of weather services
provided to such in-State users will remain.
"(f) Liaison Officer. - The Secretary may not close, consolidate,
automate, or relocate a field office until arrangements have been
made to maintain for a period of at least 2 years at least one
person in the service area to act as a liaison officer who -
"(1) provides timely information regarding the activities of
the National Weather Service which may affect service to the
community, including modernization and restructuring; and
"(2) works with area weather service users, including persons
associated with general aviation, civil defense, emergency
preparedness, and the news media, with respect to the provision
of timely weather warnings and forecasts.

"SEC. 707. MODERNIZATION TRANSITION COMMITTEE.
"(a) Establishment. - There is established a committee of 12
members to be known as the Modernization Transition Committee.
"(b) Membership and Terms. - (1) The Committee shall consist of -

"(A) five members representing agencies and departments of the
United States which are responsible for providing or using
weather services, including but not limited to the National
Weather Service, the Department of Defense, the Federal Aviation
Administration, and the Federal Emergency Management Agency; and
"(B) seven members to be appointed by the Secretary from civil
defense and public safety organizations, news media, any labor
organization certified by the Federal Labor Relations Authority
as an exclusive representative of weather service employees,
meteorological experts, and private sector users of weather
information such as pilots and farmers.
"(2) The terms of office of a member of the Committee shall be 3
years; except that, of the original membership, four shall serve a
5-year term, four shall serve a 4-year term, and four shall serve a
3-year term. No individual may serve for more than one additional 3-
year term.
"(3) The Secretary shall designate a chairman of the Committee
from among its members.
"(c) Duties. - (1) The Committee may review any proposed
certification under section 706 for which the Secretary has
provided a notice of intent to certify in the Plan, and should
review such a proposed certification if there is a significant
possibility of degradation of service within the affected service
area. Upon the request of the Committee, the Secretary shall make
available to the Committee the supporting documents developed by
the Secretary in connection with the proposed certification. The
Committee may prepare and submit to the Secretary, prior to
publication of the proposed certification, a report which evaluates
the proposed certification on the basis of the modernization
criteria and with respect to the requirement that there be no
degradation of service.
"(2) The Committee shall advise the Congress and the Secretary on
-
"(A) the implementation of the Strategic Plan, annual
development of the Plan, and establishment and implementation of
modernization criteria; and
"(B) matters of public safety and the provision of weather
services which relate to the comprehensive modernization of the
National Weather Service.
"(d) Pay and Travel Expenses. - Members of the Committee who are
not employees of the United States shall each be paid at a rate
equal to the daily equivalent of the rate for GS-18 of the General
Schedule under section 5332 of title 5, United States Code, for
each day (including travel time) during which the member is engaged
in the actual performance of duties vested in the Committee.
Members shall receive travel expenses, including per diem in lieu
of subsistence, as authorized by section 5703 of title 5, United
States Code.
"(e) Staff. - The Secretary shall make available to the Committee
such staff, information, and assistance as it may reasonably
require to carry out its activities.
"(f) Termination. - The Committee shall terminate on December 31,
1999.

"SEC. 708. WEATHER SERVICE REPORT.
"(a) Report. - The Secretary shall prepare a report on the
proposed modernization of the National Weather Service and transmit
the report, not later than 6 months after the date of enactment of
this Act [Oct. 29, 1992], to the Committee on Commerce, Science,
and Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on Science,
Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives.
"(b) Contents. - (1) The report required by subsection (a) shall
identify the size of the geographic area of responsibility of each
proposed Weather Forecast Office and shall include an explanation
of the number and type of personnel required at each Weather
Forecast Office. For each proposed Weather Forecast Office covering
a geographic area greater than two times the average geographic
area of responsibility of Weather Forecast Offices nationwide, the
report shall detail the reasons for assigning those Weather
Forecast Offices a geographic area which differs significantly from
the national average.
"(2) The report shall list the number of next generation weather
radars that will be associated with each Weather Forecast Office
nationwide under the proposed modernization plan. If some Weather
Forecast Offices will be associated with more than one such radar,
the report shall explain the deviation from the National Weather
Service's stated policy of associating one such radar with one
Weather Forecast Office, and shall analyze and compare any
differences in the expected efficiency of those Weather Forecast
Offices with Weather Forecast Offices that will be associated with
only one such radar.
"(c) Consultation. - In preparing portions of the report that
address Weather Forecast Offices located in areas of the Nation
that are uniquely dependent on general aviation as a means of
transportation, the Secretary shall consult with local aviation
groups. In the case of Alaska, such local groups shall include the
Alaska Aviation Safety Foundation, the Alaska Airmen's Association,
and the regional representatives of the Aircraft Owners and Pilots
Association.

"SEC. 709. REPEALS.
"[Amended section 407 of Pub. L. 100-685, set out below, and
repealed section 408 of Pub. L. 100-685, formerly set out below.]"
[References in laws to the rates of pay for GS-16, 17, or 18, or
to maximum rates of pay under the General Schedule, to be
considered references to rates payable under specified sections of
Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, see section 529
[title I, Sec. 101(c)(1)] of Pub. L. 101-509, set out in a note
under section 5376 of Title 5.]

PURCHASE OF ATMOSPHERIC WIND DATA
Pub. L. 101-595, title III, Sec. 320, Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat.
2989, provided that: "The National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration is authorized to enter into a contract for the
future purchase of atmospheric wind data. Any and all obligations
of the Government under such contract shall be contingent upon the
following terms:
"(1) the data to be purchased must meet technical criteria
specified in the contract and must be satisfactory to the
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; and
"(2) the availability of appropriated funds."

NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE 10-YEAR STRATEGIC PLAN
Pub. L. 100-685, title IV, Sec. 407, Nov. 17, 1988, 102 Stat.
4098, as amended by Pub. L. 102-567, title VII, Sec. 709(1), Oct.
29, 1992, 106 Stat. 4309, directed Secretary of Commerce to prepare
and submit to Congress, not later than 90 days after Nov. 17, 1988,
a 10-year strategic plan for comprehensive modernization of
National Weather Service, setting forth basic service improvement
objectives of modernization as well as critical new technological
components and associated operational changes necessary to fulfill
objectives of weather and flood warning service improvements.

DEGRADATION-OF-WEATHER-SERVICES STANDARD FOR PROVIDING SERVICES
Pub. L. 100-685, title IV, Sec. 408, Nov. 17, 1988, 102 Stat.
4099, prohibited Secretary of Commerce from closing, consolidating,
automating, or relocating, any Weather Service Office or Weather
Service Forecast Office pursuant to the implementation of the
strategic plan required by section 407 of Pub. L. 100-685 [formerly
set out above] unless the Secretary certified to Committee on
Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate and Committee
on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives
that such action would not result in any degradation of weather
services provided to the affected area, prior to repeal by Pub. L.
102-567, title VII, Sec. 709(2), Oct. 29, 1992, 106 Stat. 4309.

WEATHER AND CLIMATE INFORMATION IN AGRICULTURE
Pub. L. 99-198, title XVII, Sec. 1762, Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat.
1651, provided that:
"(a) Congress finds that -
"(1) agricultural and silvicultural operations are vulnerable
to damage from atmospheric conditions that accurate and timely
reporting of weather information can help prevent;
"(2) the maintenance of current weather and climate analysis
and information dissemination systems, and Federal, State, and
private efforts to improve these systems, is essential if
agriculture and silviculture are to mitigate damage from
atmospheric conditions;
"(3) agricultural and silvicultural weather services at the
Federal level should be maintained with joint planning between
the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the
Department of Agriculture; and
"(4) efforts should be made, involving user groups, weather and
climate information providers, and Federal and State governments,
to expand the use of weather and climate information in
agriculture and silviculture.
"(b) It, therefore, is declared to be the policy of Congress that
it is in the public interest to maintain an active Federal
involvement in providing agricultural and silvicultural weather and
climate information and that efforts should be made, among users of
this information and among private providers of this information,
to improve use of this information."

NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE; CONGRESSIONAL APPROVAL REQUISITE TO SALE,
LEASE, TRANSFER, OR DISMANTLING OF AGENCY
Pub. L. 98-8, title I, Sec. 104, Mar. 24, 1983, 97 Stat. 34,
provided that:
"Since the Administration has proposed to sell the weather
(METSAT) and land (LANDSAT) satellite systems;
"Since there are concerns about possible commercialization of the
National Weather Service;
"Since our country should provide weather service information for
the protection of life and property;
"Since our Nation's economy - its agriculture, aviation, ocean
shipping and construction - is heavily affected by weather and our
ability to forecast and disseminate vital information about its
behavior: Now, therefore,
"It is the sense of the Congress that a reliable and
comprehensive national weather information system responsive to the
needs of national security; agriculture, transportation and other
affected sectors; and individual citizens must be maintained
through a strong central National Weather Service that can work
closely with the private sector, other Federal and State government
agencies, and the weather services of other nations.
"Further, the Nation's civil operational remote sensing
satellites (METSAT and LANDSAT) shall remain under the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. No effort shall be made to
dismantle, transfer, lease or sell any portion of these systems
without prior congressional approval."

STUDY OF THUNDERSTORMS AND ATMOSPHERIC DISTURBANCES; REPORTS;
EXPENDITURES; COOPERATION OF OTHER DEPARTMENTS
Act June 16, 1948, ch. 483, 62 Stat. 470, as amended Oct. 19,
1980, Pub. L. 96-470, title I, Sec. 103(b), 94 Stat. 2237,
provided: "That the Chief of the Weather Bureau is authorized and
directed to study fully and thoroughly the internal structure of
thunderstorms, hurricanes, cyclones, and other severe atmospheric
disturbances, particularly the degree of turbulence within such
storms and the development, maintenance, and magnitude of updrafts
and downdrafts with a view to establishing methods by which the
characteristics of particular thunderstorms may be forecast and
methods by which the characteristics of such storms may be
determined on visual observation from outside of the immediate
thunderstorm area. Such study shall be concluded at the earliest
practicable date and a final report submitted to Congress.
"Sec. 2. The Chief of the Weather Bureau is empowered to make
such expenditures at the seat of government and elsewhere as may be
necessary to carry out the purposes of this Act and as from time to
time may be appropriated for by Congress, including expenditures
for the development and purchase of special meteorological
instruments and other equipment (including motor vehicles and
aircraft), without regard to the provisions of section 3709 of the
Revised Statutes [section 5 of Title 41, Public Contracts]. There
is hereby authorized to be appropriated such sums as are necessary
for the purpose of carrying out the provisions of this Act.
"Sec. 3. Any executive department or independent establishment is
hereby authorized to cooperate with the Chief of the Weather Bureau
in carrying out the purposes of this Act, and for such purposes may
lend or transfer to the Chief of the Weather Bureau any officer or
employee of such department or establishment and any property,
equipment, lands, or buildings under its control."

-End-



-CITE-
15 USC Sec. 313a 01/03/2007

-EXPCITE-
TITLE 15 - COMMERCE AND TRADE
CHAPTER 9 - NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE

-HEAD-
Sec. 313a. Establishment of meteorological observation stations in
the Arctic region

-STATUTE-
In order to improve the weather forecasting service of the United
States and to promote safety and efficiency in civil air navigation
to the highest possible degree, the Secretary of Commerce shall, in
addition to his other functions and duties, take such action as may
be necessary in the development of an international basic
meteorological reporting network in the Arctic region of the
Western Hemisphere, including the establishment, operation, and
maintenance of such reporting stations in cooperation with the
State Department and other United States governmental departments
and agencies, with the meteorological services of foreign countries
and with persons engaged in air commerce.

-SOURCE-
(Feb. 12, 1946, ch. 4, Sec. 1, 60 Stat. 4; 1965 Reorg. Plan No. 2,
Secs. 1, 2, eff. July 13, 1965, 30 F.R. 8819, 79 Stat. 1318.)


-TRANS-
TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS
Office of Chief of Weather Bureau abolished and functions
transferred to Secretary of Commerce by Reorg. Plan No. 2 of 1965,
eff. July 13, 1965, 30 F.R. 8819, 79 Stat. 1318. For further
details, see notes set out under section 311 of this title.


-MISC1-
APPROPRIATIONS
Section 2 of act Feb. 12, 1946, authorized appropriation of
necessary funds to carry out provisions of this section.

-End-



-CITE-
15 USC Sec. 313b 01/03/2007

-EXPCITE-
TITLE 15 - COMMERCE AND TRADE
CHAPTER 9 - NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE

-HEAD-
Sec. 313b. Institute for Aviation Weather Prediction

-STATUTE-
The Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration shall establish an Institute for Aviation Weather
Prediction. The Institute shall provide forecasts, weather
warnings, and other weather services to the United States aviation
community. The Institute shall expand upon the activities of the
aviation unit currently at the National Severe Storms Forecast
Center in Kansas City, Missouri, and shall be established in the
Kansas City (!1) Missouri (!1) area. The Administrator of the
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration shall provide a
full and fair opportunity for employees at the National Severe
Storms Center to assume comparable duties and responsibilities
within the Institute.


-SOURCE-
(Pub. L. 102-588, title II, Sec. 222, Nov. 4, 1992, 106 Stat.
5119.)


-MISC1-
SIMILAR PROVISIONS
Similar provisions were contained in Pub. L. 102-567, title I,
Sec. 112, Oct. 29, 1992, 106 Stat. 4278.

-FOOTNOTE-
(!1) So in original. Probably should be followed by a comma.


-End-



-CITE-
15 USC Sec. 313c 01/03/2007

-EXPCITE-
TITLE 15 - COMMERCE AND TRADE
CHAPTER 9 - NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE

-HEAD-
Sec. 313c. Authorized activities of the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration

-STATUTE-
The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, through the
United States Weather Research Program, shall -
(1) improve the capability to accurately forecast inland
flooding (including inland flooding influenced by coastal and
ocean storms) through research and modeling;
(2) develop, test, and deploy a new flood warning index that
will give the public and emergency management officials fuller,
clearer, and more accurate information about the risks and
dangers posed by expected floods;
(3) train emergency management officials, National Weather
Service personnel, meteorologists, and others as appropriate
regarding improved forecasting techniques for inland flooding,
risk management techniques, and use of the inland flood warning
index developed under paragraph (2);
(4) conduct outreach and education activities for local
meteorologists and the public regarding the dangers and risks
associated with inland flooding and the use and understanding of
the inland flood warning index developed under paragraph (2); and
(5) assess, through research and analysis of previous trends,
among other activities -
(A) the long-term trends in frequency and severity of inland
flooding; and
(B) how shifts in climate, development, and erosion patterns
might make certain regions vulnerable to more continual or
escalating flood damage in the future.

-SOURCE-
(Pub. L. 107-253, Sec. 2, Oct. 29, 2002, 116 Stat. 1731.)


-MISC1-
AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS
Pub. L. 107-253, Sec. 3, Oct. 29, 2002, 116 Stat. 1731, provided
that: "There are authorized to be appropriated to the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration for carrying out this Act
[see Short Title of 2002 Amendment note set out under section 311
of this title] $1,250,000 for each of the fiscal years 2003 through
2005, of which $100,000 for each fiscal year shall be available for
competitive merit-reviewed grants to institutions of higher
education (as defined in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of
1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001)) to carry out the activities described in
section 2(5) [15 U.S.C. 313c(5)], and $1,150,000 for each of the
fiscal years 2006 and 2007. Of the amounts authorized under this
section, $250,000 for each fiscal year shall be available for
competitive merit-reviewed grants to institutions of higher
education (as defined in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of
1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001)) to develop models that can improve the
ability to forecast the coastal and estuary-inland flooding that is
influenced by tropical cyclones. The models should incorporate the
interaction of such factors as storm surges, soil saturation, and
other relevant phenomena."

REPORT
Pub. L. 107-253, Sec. 4, Oct. 29, 2002, 116 Stat. 1732, provided
that: "Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of
this Act [Oct. 29, 2002], and annually thereafter through fiscal
year 2007, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
shall transmit to the Committee on Science of the House of
Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and
Transportation of the Senate a report on its activities under this
Act [see Short Title of 2002 Amendment note set out under section
311 of this title] and the success and acceptance of the inland
flood warning index developed under section 2(2) [15 U.S.C.
313c(2)] by the public and emergency management professionals. The
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration shall also, not
later than January 1, 2006, transmit to the Committee on Science of
the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce,
Science, and Transportation of the Senate a report on the likely
long-term trends in inland flooding, the results of which shall be
used in outreach activities conducted under section 2(4) [15 U.S.C.
313c(4)], especially to alert the public and builders to flood
hazards."

-End-



-CITE-
15 USC Sec. 313d 01/03/2007

-EXPCITE-
TITLE 15 - COMMERCE AND TRADE
CHAPTER 9 - NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE

-HEAD-
Sec. 313d. NIDIS program

-STATUTE-
(a) In general
The Under Secretary, through the National Weather Service and
other appropriate weather and climate programs in the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, shall establish a National
Integrated Drought Information System.
(b) System functions
The National Integrated Drought Information System shall -
(1) provide an effective drought early warning system that -
(A) is a comprehensive system that collects and integrates
information on the key indicators of drought in order to make
usable, reliable, and timely drought forecasts and assessments
of drought, including assessments of the severity of drought
conditions and impacts;
(B) communicates drought forecasts, drought conditions, and
drought impacts on an ongoing basis to -
(i) decisionmakers at the Federal, regional, State, tribal,
and local levels of government;
(ii) the private sector; and
(iii) the public,

in order to engender better informed and more timely decisions
thereby leading to reduced impacts and costs; and
(C) includes timely (where possible real-time) data,
information, and products that reflect local, regional, and
State differences in drought conditions;

(2) coordinate, and integrate as practicable, Federal research
in support of a drought early warning system; and
(3) build upon existing forecasting and assessment programs and
partnerships.
(c) Consultation
The Under Secretary shall consult with relevant Federal,
regional, State, tribal, and local government agencies, research
institutions, and the private sector in the development of the
National Integrated Drought Information System.
(d) Cooperation from other Federal agencies
Each Federal agency shall cooperate as appropriate with the Under
Secretary in carrying out this section.

-SOURCE-
(Pub. L. 109-430, Sec. 3, Dec. 20, 2006, 120 Stat. 2918.)

-REFTEXT-
REFERENCES IN TEXT
This section, referred to in subsec. (d), was in the original
"this Act", meaning Pub. L. 109-430, Dec. 20, 2006, 120 Stat. 2918,
which enacted this section and provisions set out as notes under
this section and section 311 of this title. For complete
classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 2006
Amendment note set out under section 311 of this title and Tables.


-MISC1-
AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS
Pub. L. 109-430, Sec. 4, Dec. 20, 2006, 120 Stat. 2919, provided
that: "There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this
Act [see Short Title of 2006 Amendment note set out under section
311 of this title] -
"(1) $11,000,000 for fiscal year 2007;
"(2) $12,000,000 for fiscal year 2008;
"(3) $13,000,000 for fiscal year 2009;
"(4) $14,000,000 for fiscal year 2010;
"(5) $15,000,000 for fiscal year 2011; and
"(6) $16,000,000 for fiscal year 2012."

-CROSS-
DEFINITIONS
Pub. L. 109-430, Sec. 2, Dec. 20, 2006, 120 Stat. 2918, provided
that: "In this Act [see Short Title of 2006 Amendment note set out
under section 311 of this title]:
"(1) Drought. - The term 'drought' means a deficiency in
precipitation -
"(A) that leads to a deficiency in surface or subsurface
water supplies (including rivers, streams, wetlands, ground
water, soil moisture, reservoir supplies, lake levels, and snow
pack); and
"(B) that causes or may cause -
"(i) substantial economic or social impacts; or
"(ii) substantial physical damage or injury to individuals,
property, or the environment.
"(2) Under secretary. - The term 'Under Secretary' means the
Under Secretary of Commerce for Oceans and Atmosphere."

-End-



-CITE-
15 USC Sec. 314 01/03/2007

-EXPCITE-
TITLE 15 - COMMERCE AND TRADE
CHAPTER 9 - NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE

-HEAD-
Sec. 314. Omitted

-COD-
CODIFICATION
Section, act Aug. 8, 1894, ch. 238, 28 Stat. 273, related to
making promotions in service without prejudice to those transferred
from Signal Service of War Department.

-End-



-CITE-
15 USC Sec. 315 01/03/2007

-EXPCITE-
TITLE 15 - COMMERCE AND TRADE
CHAPTER 9 - NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE

-HEAD-
Sec. 315. Changes or assignment to duty

-STATUTE-
The Secretary of Commerce is authorized to make such changes or
assignment to duty in the personnel or detailed force of the
National Weather Service for limiting or reducing expenses as he
may deem necessary.

-SOURCE-
(Mar. 2, 1895, ch. 169, 28 Stat. 737; 1940 Reorg. Plan No. IV, Sec.
8, eff. June 30, 1940, 5 F.R. 2421, 54 Stat. 1236; 1965 Reorg. Plan
No. 2, eff. July 13, 1965, 30 F.R. 8819, 79 Stat. 1318; 1970 Reorg.
Plan No. 4, eff. Oct. 3, 1970, 35 F.R. 15627, 84 Stat. 2090.)


-TRANS-
TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS
Weather Bureau consolidated with Coast and Geodetic Survey to
form new agency in Department of Commerce known as Environmental
Science Services Administration by Reorg. Plan No. 2 of 1965, eff.
July 13, 1965, 30 F.R. 8819, 79 Stat. 1318, set out as a note under
section 311 of this title. Functions of Bureau and Chief of Bureau
transferred to Secretary of Commerce by Reorg. Plan. Subsequently,
Environmental Science Services Administration abolished and
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration established. By
Department Organization Order 25-5A, Secretary delegated to NOAA
his functions under this chapter of the Code. By order of Acting
Associate Administrator of NOAA, organizational name of Weather
Bureau changed to National Weather Service. For further details,
see Codification note set out under section 311 of this title.

-End-



-CITE-
15 USC Sec. 316 01/03/2007

-EXPCITE-
TITLE 15 - COMMERCE AND TRADE
CHAPTER 9 - NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE

-HEAD-
Sec. 316. Omitted

-COD-
CODIFICATION
Section, act Mar. 4, 1913, ch. 145, Sec. 1 [part], 37 Stat. 830,
related to travel expenses, and has been superseded by section 5701
et seq. of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.

-End-



-CITE-
15 USC Sec. 317 01/03/2007

-EXPCITE-
TITLE 15 - COMMERCE AND TRADE
CHAPTER 9 - NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE

-HEAD-
Sec. 317. Appropriations and estimates

-STATUTE-
The appropriations for the support of the National Weather
Service shall be made with those of the other bureaus of the
Department of Commerce, and it shall be the duty of the Secretary
of Commerce to prepare future estimates for the National Weather
Service which shall be specially developed and extended in the
interests of agriculture.

-SOURCE-
(Oct. 1, 1890, ch. 1266, Sec. 9, 26 Stat. 653; 1940 Reorg. Plan No.
IV, Sec. 8, eff. June 30, 1940, 5 F.R. 2421, 54 Stat. 1236; 1965
Reorg. Plan No. 2, eff. July 13, 1965, 30 F.R. 8819, 79 Stat. 1318;
1970 Reorg. Plan No. 4, eff. Oct. 3, 1970, 35 F.R. 15627, 84 Stat.
2090.)

-COD-
CODIFICATION
Section is based on section 9 (less 1st 35 words) of act Oct.
1890. Remainder of such section 9 was classified to section 215 of
former title 10, and was repealed by act Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041,
68A Stat. 648.


-TRANS-
TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS
Weather Bureau consolidated with Coast and Geodetic Survey to
form new agency in Department of Commerce known as Environmental
Science Services Administration by Reorg. Plan No. 2, of 1965, eff.
July 13, 1965, 30 F.R. 8819, 79 Stat. 1318, set out as a note under
section 311 of this title. Functions of Bureau and Chief of Bureau
transferred to Secretary of Commerce by Reorg. Plan. Subsequently,
Environmental Science Services Administration abolished and
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration established. By
Department Organization Order 25-5A, Secretary delegated to NOAA
his functions under this chapter of the Code. By order of Acting
Associate Administrator of NOAA, organizational name of Weather
Bureau changed to National Weather Service. For further details,
see Codification note set out under section 311 of this title.
Reorg. Plan No. IV of 1940 transferred Weather Bureau from
Department of Agriculture to Department of Commerce.

-End-



-CITE-
15 USC Sec. 318 01/03/2007

-EXPCITE-
TITLE 15 - COMMERCE AND TRADE
CHAPTER 9 - NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE

-HEAD-
Sec. 318. Weather signals on mail cars

-STATUTE-
The Secretary of Commerce, in cooperation with the United States
Postal Service, may arrange a plan by which there shall be
displayed on all cars and other conveyances used for transporting
United States mail suitable flags or other signals to indicate
weather forecasts, cold-wave warnings, frost warnings, and so
forth, to be furnished by the Secretary.

-SOURCE-
(Apr. 25, 1896, ch. 140, 29 Stat. 108; 1940 Reorg. Plan No. IV,
Sec. 8, eff. June 30, 1940, 5 F.R. 2421, 54 Stat. 1236; 1965 Reorg.
Plan No. 2, Secs. 1, 2, eff. July 13, 1965, 30 F.R. 8819, 79 Stat.
1318; Pub. L. 91-375, Sec. 4(a), Aug. 12, 1970, 84 Stat. 773.)


-TRANS-
TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS
"United States Postal Service" substituted in text for
"Postmaster General" pursuant to Pub. L. 91-375, Sec. 4(a), Aug.
12, 1970, 84 Stat. 773, set out as a note under section 201 of
Title 39, Postal Service, which abolished the office of Postmaster
General of the Post Office Department and transferred its functions
to the United States Postal Service.
Office of Chief of Weather Bureau abolished and functions
transferred to Secretary of Commerce by Reorg. Plan No. 2 of 1965,
eff. July 13, 1965, 30 F.R. 8819, 79 Stat. 1318. Reorg. Plan No. IV
of 1940 transferred Weather Bureau from Department of Agriculture
to Department of Commerce. For further details, see notes set out
under section 311 of this title.

-End-



-CITE-
15 USC Sec. 319 01/03/2007

-EXPCITE-
TITLE 15 - COMMERCE AND TRADE
CHAPTER 9 - NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE

-HEAD-
Sec. 319. Omitted

-COD-
CODIFICATION
Section, act June 3, 1948, ch. 400, title III, 62 Stat. 328, was
from the Department of Commerce Appropriation Act, 1949, and was
not repeated in subsequent appropriations acts. Similar provisions
were contained in prior appropriations acts back to 1925. Section
related to printing by Weather Bureau. See section 326 of this
title.

-End-



-CITE-
15 USC Sec. 320 01/03/2007

-EXPCITE-
TITLE 15 - COMMERCE AND TRADE
CHAPTER 9 - NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE

-HEAD-
Sec. 320. Repealed.

-MISC1-
Sec. 320. Repealed. Oct. 31, 1951, ch. 654, Sec. 1(34), 65 Stat.
702.
Section, act Mar. 4, 1907, ch. 2907, 34 Stat. 1258, related to
sale of maps or publications.

-End-



-CITE-
15 USC Sec. 321 01/03/2007

-EXPCITE-
TITLE 15 - COMMERCE AND TRADE
CHAPTER 9 - NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE

-HEAD-
Sec. 321. Repealed.

-MISC1-
Sec. 321. Repealed. Oct. 25, 1951, ch. 562, Sec. 1(15), 65 Stat.
638.
Section, act May 25, 1900, ch. 555, 31 Stat. 204, relating to
destruction of old telegrams. See section 3301 et seq. of Title 44,
Public Printing and Documents.

-End-



-CITE-
15 USC Sec. 322 01/03/2007

-EXPCITE-
TITLE 15 - COMMERCE AND TRADE
CHAPTER 9 - NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE

-HEAD-
Sec. 322. Odd jobs for part-time employees

-STATUTE-
National Weather Service part-time employees, appointed by
designation or otherwise under regulations of the Director of the
Office of Personnel Management for observational work, may perform
odd jobs in the installation, repair, improvement, alteration,
cleaning, or removal of Government property and receive
compensation therefor under regulations to be prescribed by the
Secretary of Commerce.

-SOURCE-
(July 1, 1943, ch. 182, title III, 57 Stat. 300; 1965 Reorg. Plan
No. 2, eff. July 13, 1965, 30 F.R. 8819, 79 Stat. 1318; 1970 Reorg.
Plan No. 4, eff. Oct. 3, 1970, 35 F.R. 15627, 84 Stat. 2090; 1978
Reorg. Plan No. 2, Sec. 102, 43 F.R. 36037, 92 Stat. 3783.)


-TRANS-
TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS
"Director of the Office of Personnel Management" substituted in
text for "Civil Service Commission" pursuant to Reorg. Plan No. 2
of 1978, set out under section 1101 of Title 5, Government
Organization and Employees, which transferred functions vested by
statute in Civil Service Commission to Director of Office of
Personnel Management (except as otherwise specified), effective
Jan. 1, 1979, as provided by section 1-102 of Ex. Ord. No. 12107,
Dec. 28, 1978, 44 F.R. 1055, set out under section 1101 of Title 5.
Weather Bureau consolidated with Coast and Geodetic Survey to
form new agency in Department of Commerce known as Environmental
Science Services Administration by Reorg. Plan No. 2 of 1965, eff.
July 13, 1965, 30 F.R. 8819, 79 Stat. 1318, set out as a note under
section 311 of this title. Functions of Bureau and Chief of Bureau
transferred to Secretary of Commerce by Reorg. Plan. Subsequently,
Environmental Science Services Administration abolished and
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration established. By
Department Organization Order 25-5A, Secretary delegated to NOAA
his functions under this chapter of the Code. By order of Acting
Associate Administrator of NOAA, organizational name of Weather
Bureau changed to National Weather Service. For further details,
see Codification note set out under section 311 of this title.


-MISC1-
SIMILAR PROVISIONS
Section is from the Departments of State, Justice, and Commerce
Appropriation Act, 1944. Similar provisions were contained in the
following appropriation acts:
July 2, 1942, ch. 472, title III, 56 Stat. 500.
June 28, 1941, ch. 258, title II, 55 Stat. 289.
June 25, 1940, ch. 421, 54 Stat. 539.
June 30, 1939, ch. 253, title I, 53 Stat. 947.
June 16, 1938, ch. 464, title I, 52 Stat. 718.
June 29, 1937, ch. 404, 50 Stat. 403.

-End-



-CITE-
15 USC Sec. 323 01/03/2007

-EXPCITE-
TITLE 15 - COMMERCE AND TRADE
CHAPTER 9 - NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE

-HEAD-
Sec. 323. Repealed.

-MISC1-
Sec. 323. Repealed. July 25, 1947, ch. 327, Sec. 1, 61 Stat. 449.
Section, act Oct. 29, 1942, ch. 632, 56 Stat. 1012, related to
scholarships for meteorological students in weather forecasting
during World War II.

-End-



-CITE-
15 USC Sec. 324 01/03/2007

-EXPCITE-
TITLE 15 - COMMERCE AND TRADE
CHAPTER 9 - NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE

-HEAD-
Sec. 324. Omitted

-COD-
CODIFICATION
Section, act June 3, 1948, ch. 400, title III, 62 Stat. 328,
which related to extra compensation for certain employees in Alaska
and other territorial possessions, was from the Department of
Commerce Appropriation Act, 1949, and was not repeated in
subsequent appropriations acts. See section 327 of this title.


-MISC1-
SIMILAR PROVISIONS
Similar provisions were contained in the following appropriation
acts:
July 9, 1947, ch. 211, title III, 61 Stat. 301.
July 5, 1946, ch. 541, title III, 60 Stat. 475.
May 21, 1945, ch. 129, title III, 59 Stat. 195.
June 28, 1944, ch. 294, title III, 58 Stat. 424.
July 1, 1943, ch. 182, title III, 57 Stat. 301.

-End-



-CITE-
15 USC Sec. 325 01/03/2007

-EXPCITE-
TITLE 15 - COMMERCE AND TRADE
CHAPTER 9 - NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE

-HEAD-
Sec. 325. Authority for certain functions and activities

-STATUTE-
Appropriations now or hereafter provided for the National Weather
Service shall be available for (a) furnishing food and shelter,
without repayment therefor, to employees of the Government assigned
to Arctic stations; (b) equipment and maintenance of meteorological
offices and stations, and maintenance and operation of
meteorological facilities outside the United States by contract or
otherwise; (c) repairing, altering, and improving of buildings
occupied by the National Weather Service, and care and preservation
of grounds, including the construction of necessary outbuildings
and sidewalks on public streets abutting National Weather Service
grounds; (d) arranging for communication services at rates to be
fixed by the Secretary of Commerce by agreement with the companies
performing the services when determined to be advantageous to the
Government; and (e) purchasing tabulating cards and continuous form
tabulating paper.

-SOURCE-
(June 2, 1948, ch. 373, Sec. 1, 62 Stat. 286; 1965 Reorg. Plan No.
2, 1970 eff. July 13, 1965, 30 F.R. 8819, 79 Stat. 1318; 1970
Reorg. Plan No. 4, eff. Oct. 3, 1970, 35 F.R. 15627, 84 Stat.
2090.)


-TRANS-
TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS
Weather Bureau consolidated with Coast and Geodetic Survey to
form new agency in Department of Commerce known as Environmental
Science Services Administration by Reorg. Plan No. 2 of 1965, eff.
July 13, 1965, 30 F.R. 8819, 79 Stat. 1318, set out as a note under
section 311 of this title. Functions of Bureau and Chief of Bureau
transferred to Secretary of Commerce by Reorg. Plan. Subsequently,
Environmental Science Services Administration abolished and
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration established. By
Department Organization Order 25-5A, Secretary delegated to NOAA
his functions under this chapter of the Code. By order of Acting
Associate Administrator of NOAA, organizational name of Weather
Bureau changed to National Weather Service. For further details,
see Codification note set out under section 311 of this title.


-MISC1-
COOPERATIVE WEATHER OBSERVER PROGRAM
Pub. L. 102-567, title I, Sec. 101(c), Oct. 29, 1992, 106 Stat.
4270, provided that: "The Secretary of Commerce may use funds
otherwise available for conducting weather observations to
strengthen the Cooperative Weather Observer Program and encourage
public participation in the program. The Secretary may -
"(1) provide distinctive insignia or paraphernalia to
Cooperative Weather Observers; and
"(2) make awards of nominal value to recognize continued
participation in the program by observers or to recognize
outstanding achievements by such observers or groups of observers
without regard to any law restricting expenditures for such
purposes to Federal employees."

-End-



-CITE-
15 USC Sec. 326 01/03/2007

-EXPCITE-
TITLE 15 - COMMERCE AND TRADE
CHAPTER 9 - NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE

-HEAD-
Sec. 326. Maintenance of printing office in Washington, D.C.

-STATUTE-
When so specified in appropriation Acts, the National Weather
Service is authorized to maintain a printing office in the city of
Washington for the printing of weather maps, bulletins, circulars,
forms, and other publications: Provided, That no printing shall be
done by the National Weather Service which could be done at the
Government Printing Office without impairing the service of said
Service.

-SOURCE-
(June 2, 1948, ch. 373, Sec. 2, 62 Stat. 286; 1965 Reorg. Plan No.
2, eff. July 13, 1965, 30 F.R. 8819, 79 Stat. 1318; 1970 Reorg.
Plan No. 4, eff. Oct. 3, 1970, 35 F.R. 15627, 84 Stat. 2090.)


-TRANS-
TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS
Weather Bureau consolidated with Coast and Geodetic Survey to
form new agency in Department of Commerce known as Environmental
Science Services Administration by Reorg. Plan No. 2 of 1965, eff.
July 13, 1965, 30 F.R. 8819, 79 Stat. 1318, set out as a note under
section 311 of this title. Functions of Bureau and Chief of Bureau
transferred to Secretary of Commerce by Reorg. Plan. Subsequently,
Environmental Science Services Administration abolished and
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration established. By
Department Organization Order 25-5A, Secretary delegated to NOAA
his functions under this chapter of the Code. By order of Acting
Associate Administrator of NOAA, organizational name of Weather
Bureau changed to National Weather Service. For further details,
see Codification note set out under section 311 of this title.

-End-



-CITE-
15 USC Sec. 327 01/03/2007

-EXPCITE-
TITLE 15 - COMMERCE AND TRADE
CHAPTER 9 - NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE

-HEAD-
Sec. 327. Employees for conduct of meteorological investigations in
Arctic region; appointment and compensation; extra compensation
to other Government employees for taking observations

-STATUTE-
The Secretary of Commerce is authorized to (a) appoint employees
for the conduct of meteorological investigations in the Arctic
region without regard to the civil service laws and fix their
compensation without regard to chapter 51 and subchapter III of
chapter 53 of title 5, and sections 5542, 5543, 5545, and 5546 of
title 5, at base rates not to exceed the maximum scheduled rate for
GS-12, and (b) grant extra compensation to employees of other
Government agencies for taking and transmitting meteorological
observations without regard to section 5533 of title 5.

-SOURCE-
(June 2, 1948, ch. 373, Sec. 3, 62 Stat. 286; Pub. L. 86-397, Sec.
2, Mar. 28, 1960, 74 Stat. 11; Pub. L. 88-448, title IV, Sec.
401(m), Aug. 19, 1964, 78 Stat. 491.)

-REFTEXT-
REFERENCES IN TEXT
The civil service laws, referred to in text, are set forth in
Title 5, Government Organization and Employees. See, particularly,
section 3301 et seq. of Title 5.

-COD-
CODIFICATION
In this section, "chapter 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 of
title 5", "sections 5542, 5543, 5545, and 5546 of title 5", and
"section 5533 of title 5" substituted for "the Classification Act
of 1949, as amended (5 U.S.C. 1071 and the following)", "titles II
and III of the Federal Employees Pay Act of 1945, as amended (5
U.S.C. 911 and the following)", and "section 301 of the Dual
Compensation Act", respectively, on authority of Pub. L. 89-554,
Sec. 7(b), Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 631, the first section of which
enacted Title 5, Government Organization and Employees.


-MISC1-
AMENDMENTS
1964 - Pub. L. 88-448 inserted "without regard to section 5533 of
title 5".
1960 - Pub. L. 86-397 substituted "Secretary of Commerce" for
"Weather Bureau", authorized the Secretary to fix the compensation
of the employees, and limited the base rates to not more than the
maximum scheduled rate for GS-12.

EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1964 AMENDMENT
Amendment by Pub. L. 88-448 effective on first day of first month
which begins later than ninetieth day following Aug. 19, 1964, see
section 403 of Pub. L. 88-448.

-End-



-CITE-
15 USC Sec. 328 01/03/2007

-EXPCITE-
TITLE 15 - COMMERCE AND TRADE
CHAPTER 9 - NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE

-HEAD-
Sec. 328. Transfer from other Government Departments of surplus
equipment and supplies for Arctic stations

-STATUTE-
Subject to approval of the President, and without charge to the
National Weather Service, the Secretary of the Army, the Secretary
of the Air Force, and the Secretary of the Navy are authorized to
transfer to the National Weather Service equipment and supplies
which are surplus to the needs of their respective Departments and
necessary for the establishment, maintenance, and operation of
Arctic weather stations.

-SOURCE-
(June 2, 1948, ch. 373, Sec. 4, 62 Stat. 286; 1965 Reorg. Plan No.
2, 1970 eff. July 13, 1965, 30 F.R. 8819, 79 Stat. 1318; 1970
Reorg. Plan No. 4, eff. Oct. 3, 1970, 35 F.R. 15627, 84 Stat.
2090.)


-TRANS-
TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS
Functions vested by law (including reorganization plan) in Bureau
of the Budget or Director of Bureau of the Budget transferred to
President by section 101 of Reorg. Plan No. 2, of 1970, eff. July
1, 1970, 35 F.R. 7959, 84 Stat. 2085, set out in the Appendix to
Title 5, Government Organization and Employees. Section 102 of 1970
Reorg. Plan No. 2, redesignated Bureau of the Budget as Office of
Management and Budget.
Weather Bureau consolidated with Coast and Geodetic Survey to
form new agency in Department of Commerce known as Environmental
Science Services Administration by Reorg. Plan No. 2 of 1965, eff.
July 13, 1965, 30 F.R. 8819, 79 Stat. 1318, set out as a note under
section 311 of this title. Functions of Bureau and Chief of Bureau
transferred to Secretary of Commerce by Reorg. Plan. Subsequently,
Environmental Science Services Administration abolished and
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration established. By
Department Organization Order 25-5A, Secretary delegated to NOAA
his functions under this chapter of the Code. By order of Acting
Associate Administrator of NOAA, organizational name of Weather
Bureau changed to National Weather Service. For further details,
see Codification note set out under section 311 of this title.

-End-



-CITE-
15 USC Sec. 329 01/03/2007

-EXPCITE-
TITLE 15 - COMMERCE AND TRADE
CHAPTER 9 - NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE

-HEAD-
Sec. 329. Omitted

-COD-
CODIFICATION
Section, Pub. L. 85-469, title I, Sec. 101, June 25, 1958, 72
Stat. 234; Pub. L. 86-88, title I, Sec. 101, July 13, 1959, 73
Stat. 207, which prescribed the maximum base rate of pay for
employees conducting meteorological investigations in the Arctic
region, was from an appropriation act and was omitted in view of
section 327 of this title which authorizes the Secretary of
Commerce to establish the rates of compensation for such personnel.
Provisions of this section were repeated in Pub. L. 86-451, title
I, Sec. 101, May 13, 1960, 74 Stat. 99.

-End-
   

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