Rule 7. Pleadings Allowed; Form of Motions and Other Papers

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III. PLEADINGS AND MOTIONS > Rule 7. Prev \| Next Rule 7. Pleadings Allowed; Form of Motions and Other Papers (a) Pleadings. Only these pleadings are allowed: (1) a complaint; (2) an answer to a complaint; (3) an answer to a counterclaim designated as a counterclaim; (4) an answer to a crossclaim; (5) a third-party complaint; (6) an answer to a third-party complaint; and (7) if the court orders one, a reply to an answer. (b) Motions and Other Papers (1) In General. A request for a court order must be made by motion. The motion must: (A) be in writing unless made during a hearing or trial; (B) state with particularity the grounds for seeking the order; and (C) state the relief sought. (2) Form. The rules governing captions and other matters of form in pleadings apply to motions and other papers. Notes

Links Federal Rules of Civil Procedure I. SCOPE OF RULES--ONE FORM OF ACTION 1. Scope of Rules 2. One Form of Action II. COMMENCEMENT OF ACTION; SERVICE OF PROCESS, PLEADINGS, MOTIONS, AND ORDERS 3. Commencing an Action 4. Summons 4.1. Serving Other Process 5. Serving and Filing Pleadings and Other Papers 5.1. Constitutional Challenge to a Statute - Notice, Certification, and Intervention 5.2. Privacy Protection For Filings Made with the Court 6. Computing and Extending Time; Time for Motion Papers III. PLEADINGS AND MOTIONS 7. Pleadings Allowed; Form of Motions and Other Papers 7.1. Disclosure Statement 8. General Rules of Pleading 9. Pleading Special Matters 10. Form of Pleadings 11. Signing Pleadings, Motions, and Other Papers; Representations to the Court; Sanctions 12. Defenses and Objections: When and How Presented; Motion for Judgment on the Pleadings; Consolidating Motions; Waiving Defenses; Pretrial Hearing 13. Counterclaim and Crossclaim 14. Third-Party Practice 15. Amended and Supplemental Pleadings 16. Pretrial Conferences; Scheduling; Management IV. PARTIES 17. Plaintiff and Defendant; Capacity; Public Officers 18. Joinder of Claims 19. Required Joinder of Parties 20. Permissive Joinder of Parties 21. Misjoinder and Nonjoinder of Parties 22. Interpleader 23. Class Actions 23.1. Derivative Actions 23.2. Actions Relating to Unincorporated Associations 24. Intervention 25. Substitution of Parties V. DEPOSITIONS AND DISCOVERY 26. Duty to Disclose; General Provisions Governing Discovery 27. Depositions to Perpetuate Testimony 28. Persons Before Whom Depositions May Be Taken 29. Stipulations Regarding Discovery Procedure 30. Deposition by Oral Examination 31. Depositions by Written Questions 32. Using Depositions in Court Proceedings 33. Interrogatories to Parties 34. Producing Documents, Electronically Stored Information, and Tangible Things, or Entering onto Land, for Inspection and Other Purposes 35. Physical and Mental Examinations 36. Requests for Admission 37. Failure to Make Disclosures or to Cooperate in Discovery; Sanctions VI. TRIALS 38. Right to a Jury Trial; Demand 39. Trial by Jury or by the Court 40. Scheduling Cases for Trial 41. Dismissal of Actions 42. Consolidation; Separate Trials 43. Taking Testimony 44. Proving an Official Record 44.1. Determining Foreign Law 45. Subpoena 46. Objecting to a Ruling or Order 47. Selection of Jurors 48. Number of Jurors: Verdict 49. Special Verdict; General Verdict and Questions 50. Judgment as a Matter of Law in a Jury Trial; Related Motion for a New Trial; Conditional Ruling 51. Instructions to the Jury; Objections; Preserving a Claim of Error 52. Findings and Conclusions by the Court; Judgment on Partial Findings 53. Masters VII. JUDGMENT 54. Judgments; Costs 55. Default; Default Judgment 56. Summary Judgment 57. Declaratory Judgments 58. Entry of Judgment 59. New Trial; Altering or Amending a Judgment 60. Relief from Judgment or Order 61. Harmless Error 62. Stay of Proceedings to Enforce a Judgment 63. Judges Inability to Proceed VIII. PROVISIONAL AND FINAL REMEDIES 64. Seizing a Person or Property 65. Injunctions and Restraining Orders 65.1 Proceedings Against a Surety 66. Receivers 67. Deposit into Court 68. Offer of Judgment 69. Execution 70. Enforcing a Judgment for a Specific Act 71. Enforcing Relief For or Against a Nonparty IX. SPECIAL PROCEEDINGS 71.1 Condemning Real or Personal Property 72. Magistrate Judges: Pretrial Orders 73. Magistrate Judges: Trial by Consent; Appeal 74. [Abrogated] 75. [Abrogated] 76. [Abrogated] X. DISTRICT COURTS AND CLERKS 77. Conducting Business; Clerks Authority; Notice of an Order or Judgment 78. Hearing Motions; Submission on Briefs 79. Records Kept by the Clerk 80. Stenographic Transcript as Evidence XI. GENERAL PROVISIONS 81. Applicability of the Rules in General; Removed Actions 82. Jurisdiction and Venue Unaffected 83. Rules by District Courts; Judge's Directives 84. Forms 85. Title 86. Effective Date XII. APPENDIX OF FORMS (U.S. Courts site) XIII. SUPPLEMENTAL RULES FOR CERTAIN ADMIRALTY AND MARITIME CLAIMS A. Scope of Rules B. In Personam Actions: Attachment and Garnishment C. Actions in Rem: Special Provisions D. Possessory, Petitory, and Partition Actions E. Actions in Rem and Quasi in Rem: General Provisions F. Limitation of Liability G. Forfeiture Actions In Rem

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