Miami Criminal Lawyer Home
U.S. Code | Table of Contents
Federal Rules of Civil Procedure | Table of Contents
 
IV. PARTIES > Rule 23.1.

Rule 23.1. Derivative Actions

(a) Prerequisites.

This rule applies when one or more shareholders or members of a corporation or an unincorporated association bring a derivative action to enforce a right that the corporation or association may properly assert but has failed to enforce. The derivative action may not be maintained if it appears that the plaintiff does not fairly and adequately represent the interests of shareholders or members who are similarly situated in enforcing the right of the corporation or association.

(b) Pleading Requirements.

The complaint must be verified and must:

(1) allege that the plaintiff was a shareholder or member at the time of the transaction complained of, or that the plaintiff's share or membership later devolved on it by operation of law;

(2) allege that the action is not a collusive one to confer jurisdiction that the court would otherwise lack; and

(3) state with particularity:

(A) any effort by the plaintiff to obtain the desired action from the directors or comparable authority and, if necessary, from the shareholders or members; and

(B) the reasons for not obtaining the action or not making the effort.

(c) Settlement, Dismissal, and Compromise.

A derivative action may be settled, voluntarily dismissed, or compromised only with the court's approval. Notice of a proposed settlement, voluntary dismissal, or compromise must be given to shareholders or members in the manner that the court orders.

(As added Feb. 28, 1966, eff. July 1, 1966; amended Mar. 2, 1987, eff. Aug. 1, 1987.)

Notes

 

Links

Federal Rules of Civil Procedure
I. SCOPE OF RULES--ONE FORM OF ACTION
1. Scope of Rules
2. One Form of Action
II. COMMENCEMENT OF ACTION; SERVICE OF PROCESS, PLEADINGS, MOTIONS, AND ORDERS
3. Commencing an Action
4. Summons
4.1. Serving Other Process
5. Serving and Filing Pleadings and Other Papers
5.1. Constitutional Challenge to a Statute - Notice, Certification, and Intervention
5.2. Privacy Protection For Filings Made with the Court
6. Computing and Extending Time; Time for Motion Papers
III. PLEADINGS AND MOTIONS
7. Pleadings Allowed; Form of Motions and Other Papers
7.1. Disclosure Statement
8. General Rules of Pleading
9. Pleading Special Matters
10. Form of Pleadings
11. Signing Pleadings, Motions, and Other Papers; Representations to the Court; Sanctions
12. Defenses and Objections: When and How Presented; Motion for Judgment on the Pleadings; Consolidating Motions; Waiving Defenses; Pretrial Hearing
13. Counterclaim and Crossclaim
14. Third-Party Practice
15. Amended and Supplemental Pleadings
16. Pretrial Conferences; Scheduling; Management
IV. PARTIES
17. Plaintiff and Defendant; Capacity; Public Officers
18. Joinder of Claims
19. Required Joinder of Parties
20. Permissive Joinder of Parties
21. Misjoinder and Nonjoinder of Parties
22. Interpleader
23. Class Actions
23.1. Derivative Actions
23.2. Actions Relating to Unincorporated Associations
24. Intervention
25. Substitution of Parties
V. DEPOSITIONS AND DISCOVERY
26. Duty to Disclose; General Provisions Governing Discovery
27. Depositions to Perpetuate Testimony
28. Persons Before Whom Depositions May Be Taken
29. Stipulations Regarding Discovery Procedure
30. Deposition by Oral Examination
31. Depositions by Written Questions
32. Using Depositions in Court Proceedings
33. Interrogatories to Parties
34. Producing Documents, Electronically Stored Information, and Tangible Things, or Entering onto Land, for Inspection and Other Purposes
35. Physical and Mental Examinations
36. Requests for Admission
37. Failure to Make Disclosures or to Cooperate in Discovery; Sanctions
VI. TRIALS
38. Right to a Jury Trial; Demand
39. Trial by Jury or by the Court
40. Scheduling Cases for Trial
41. Dismissal of Actions
42. Consolidation; Separate Trials
43. Taking Testimony
44. Proving an Official Record
44.1. Determining Foreign Law
45. Subpoena
46. Objecting to a Ruling or Order
47. Selection of Jurors
48. Number of Jurors: Verdict
49. Special Verdict; General Verdict and Questions
50. Judgment as a Matter of Law in a Jury Trial; Related Motion for a New Trial; Conditional Ruling
51. Instructions to the Jury; Objections; Preserving a Claim of Error
52. Findings and Conclusions by the Court; Judgment on Partial Findings
53. Masters
VII. JUDGMENT
54. Judgments; Costs
55. Default; Default Judgment
56. Summary Judgment
57. Declaratory Judgments
58. Entry of Judgment
59. New Trial; Altering or Amending a Judgment
60. Relief from Judgment or Order
61. Harmless Error
62. Stay of Proceedings to Enforce a Judgment
63. Judges Inability to Proceed
VIII. PROVISIONAL AND FINAL REMEDIES
64. Seizing a Person or Property
65. Injunctions and Restraining Orders
65.1 Proceedings Against a Surety
66. Receivers
67. Deposit into Court
68. Offer of Judgment
69. Execution
70. Enforcing a Judgment for a Specific Act
71. Enforcing Relief For or Against a Nonparty
IX. SPECIAL PROCEEDINGS
71.1 Condemning Real or Personal Property
72. Magistrate Judges: Pretrial Orders
73. Magistrate Judges: Trial by Consent; Appeal
74. [Abrogated]
75. [Abrogated]
76. [Abrogated]
X. DISTRICT COURTS AND CLERKS
77. Conducting Business; Clerks Authority; Notice of an Order or Judgment
78. Hearing Motions; Submission on Briefs
79. Records Kept by the Clerk
80. Stenographic Transcript as Evidence
XI. GENERAL PROVISIONS
81. Applicability of the Rules in General; Removed Actions
82. Jurisdiction and Venue Unaffected
83. Rules by District Courts; Judge's Directives
84. Forms
85. Title
86. Effective Date
XII. APPENDIX OF FORMS (U.S. Courts site)
XIII. SUPPLEMENTAL RULES FOR CERTAIN ADMIRALTY AND MARITIME CLAIMS
A. Scope of Rules
B. In Personam Actions: Attachment and Garnishment
C. Actions in Rem: Special Provisions
D. Possessory, Petitory, and Partition Actions
E. Actions in Rem and Quasi in Rem: General Provisions
F. Limitation of Liability
G. Forfeiture Actions In Rem
 
US Code
Federal Rules of Civil Procedure
Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure
Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure
Federal Rules of Evidence
Federal Sentencing Guidelines Manual
 
Miami Criminal Lawyer
Fort Lauderdale Criminal Lawyer
Palm Beach Criminal Lawyer
Naples Criminal Lawyer
Fort Myers Criminal Lawyer
Criminal Lawyer in Orlando
Tampa Criminal Lawyer
Criminal Lawyer in Jacksonville
Miami Fraud Lawyer
Miami Drug Lawyer
Miami Expunging Records Lawyer
Miami Sex Crime Lawyer
Miami Domestic Violence Lawyer
Miami IRS Violations Lawyer